雅思写作：议论文的十二大法则(转载)
写作作为一项对大多数中国考生来说较难的科目，它的难度主要体现在以下三个方面：文章结构的合理安排，论证内容有逻辑的扩展，语言多样准确的使用。缺少其中任何一项都有可能使文章得不到高分。很多参加过考试的考生反映在考场上时间相当的紧，就算掌握了大量的高分词汇句型，对结构非常熟悉，还是无用武之地，因为扩展不出素材。
针对这种现象，专家做了一下总结，绝大多数雅思大作文话题都可以通过以下几个方面进行扩展（简称论据扩展十二大法则），现列举如下：经济（economy）、就业（employment）、时间（time）、空间（space）、心理（psychology）、生理（physiology）、环境（environment）、教育（education）、文化（culture）、科技（technology）、情感（emotion）和个人权利（human right）。
在此，将通过列举一些例题来印证这十二大法则的实战性。
Example 1
Some people think tobacco should be made illegal in the same way as other drugs because the products containing it are addictive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
通过审题，此题问是否同意烟草行业被取缔。同意则要列举烟草的一系列缺点，反之不同意，可列举其优点。我们马上来看看十二大法则，当然不是每一项都应用，但是大多数都可以适用。
Advantages
经济：revenue-rising for the country and businessmen concerning this arena,
就业：offer the opportunities of employment in various fronts, including manufacturing, transporting, selling, governing, for residents
时间：killing the time
心理：relieve one’s pressure
文化：forming / shaping cigar culture
Disadvantages
经济：money-consuming for smokers
生理：be addictive to it, harmful to smokers’ health, leading to lung cancer
环境：air pollution, potential hazard of fire
空间：passive smoking / second-hand smoking
情感：be overly-dependent on smoking
用了上述办法，扩展出来的论据就能更加全面，有条理。
Example 2
Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism?
通过审题，此题无非就是我们21世纪是利大于弊还是弊大于利，所以只要列举21世纪发展的优缺点就可以了。我将通过之前介绍的十二大法则来进行素材的扩展。
Advantages
经济：economy be promoted, efficiency be increased
科技：advanced technology facilitates people’s life
时间：time-saving when conducting various kinds of activities
个人权利：human rights be laid more emphasis on
心理：increasing number of recreational activities to help people relieve from pressure
Disadvantages
就业：growing population,
fierce competition
心理：pressure coming from a range of aspects
环境：environmental pollution continuing getting worse
针对这种现象，专家做了一下总结，绝大多数雅思大作文话题都可以通过以下几个方面进行扩展（简称论据扩展十二大法则），现列举如下：经济（economy）、就业（employment）、时间（time）、空间（space）、心理（psychology）、生理（physiology）、环境（environment）、教育（education）、文化（culture）、科技（technology）、情感（emotion）和个人权利（human right）。
在此，将通过列举一些例题来印证这十二大法则的实战性。
Example 1
Some people think tobacco should be made illegal in the same way as other drugs because the products containing it are addictive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
通过审题，此题问是否同意烟草行业被取缔。同意则要列举烟草的一系列缺点，反之不同意，可列举其优点。我们马上来看看十二大法则，当然不是每一项都应用，但是大多数都可以适用。
Advantages
经济：revenue-rising for the country and businessmen concerning this arena,
就业：offer the opportunities of employment in various fronts, including manufacturing, transporting, selling, governing, for residents
时间：killing the time
心理：relieve one’s pressure
文化：forming / shaping cigar culture
Disadvantages
经济：money-consuming for smokers
生理：be addictive to it, harmful to smokers’ health, leading to lung cancer
环境：air pollution, potential hazard of fire
空间：passive smoking / second-hand smoking
情感：be overly-dependent on smoking
用了上述办法，扩展出来的论据就能更加全面，有条理。
Example 2
Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism?
通过审题，此题无非就是我们21世纪是利大于弊还是弊大于利，所以只要列举21世纪发展的优缺点就可以了。我将通过之前介绍的十二大法则来进行素材的扩展。
Advantages
经济：economy be promoted, efficiency be increased
科技：advanced technology facilitates people’s life
时间：time-saving when conducting various kinds of activities
个人权利：human rights be laid more emphasis on
心理：increasing number of recreational activities to help people relieve from pressure
Disadvantages
就业：growing population,
fierce competition
心理：pressure coming from a range of aspects
环境：environmental pollution continuing getting worse